Why Is A Vacuum Drying Apparatus Necessary For Iridium Salt Precursor Impregnation? Unlock Superior Template Loading

Learn how vacuum drying at 20 mbar ensures deep precursor penetration, high loading capacity, and uniform distribution in polymer templates.

Why Is 500°C Thermal Stabilization Necessary For Titania Supports? Ensure Catalyst Stability And Performance

Learn why 500°C thermal stabilization is vital for titania supports to lock in surface area and prevent structural shrinkage during catalysis.

What Is The Primary Function Of A Radiation Pyrometer In Validating Furnace Simulations? Ensure Model Accuracy

Learn how radiation pyrometers act as the ground truth for furnace simulations by providing precise, non-contact real-time discharge temperature data.

Why Is A Vacuum Drying Oven Used For Bc-Feooh Biochar? Protect Reactivity And Prevent Particle Aggregation

Learn why vacuum drying is essential for BC-FeOOH biochar synthesis to prevent oxidation and ensure high surface area via low-temp evaporation.

Why Is It Necessary To Use An S-Type Thermocouple With An Alumina Protection Tube? Master Molten Iron Monitoring

Learn why S-type thermocouples and alumina tubes are essential for precise, 1500°C monitoring in molten cast iron and corrosive metallurgical pools.

What Role Does A Laboratory Drying Oven Or Vacuum Oven Play In Graphene Oxide Nanofluid Prep? Ensure Pure Formulations

Learn how laboratory ovens and vacuum ovens ensure precision, stability, and structural integrity in the two-step preparation of graphene oxide.

What Is The Purpose Of Using K-Type Thermocouples And High-Temperature Sealants? Ensure Precision In Gas Heating Systems

Learn how K-type thermocouples and high-temperature sealants work together to ensure accurate heat monitoring and airtight system integrity.

How Does A Vacuum Drying Oven Provide Superior Results For Cs3Cu2I5:Tb Precipitates? Preserve Your Scintillation Quality

Learn how vacuum drying prevents thermal degradation and oxidation in Cs3Cu2I5:Tb precipitates by removing solvents at room temperature.

What Are The Advantages Of Using Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis For Metal Powder? Achieve High Purity & Sphericity

Learn how ultrasonic spray pyrolysis produces ultra-fine, spherical metal powders with uniform size distribution and high purity.

How Does Vacuum Hot Pressing (Vhp) Compare To Cvd For Zns Ceramics? Unlock Superior Strength And Efficiency

Compare VHP vs. CVD for Zinc Sulfide ceramics. Discover why VHP offers superior mechanical properties, faster production cycles, and lower costs.

How Does Cfd Simulation Contribute To Radiant Tube Design? Optimize Efficiency And Longevity With Data-Driven Science

Discover how CFD simulation optimizes industrial radiant tubes by visualizing flow fields, reducing emissions, and preventing thermal failure.

What Is The Specific Function Of A Thermal Evaporation System In Ipsls Growth? Precision Precursor Deposition

Learn how thermal evaporation systems enable IPSLS growth by depositing precise Indium films to control catalyst droplet size and nanowire geometry.

How Are Expansion Compensation Devices Modeled In High-Temp Simulations? Enhance Accuracy With Self-Compensation Modeling

Learn how to model spring suspension systems in high-temperature simulations by allowing Z-axis movement to accurately predict thermal stress relief.

What Characteristics Are Required For Reaction Vessels In Pi-Cofs Synthesis? Ensure High-Pressure Safety And Purity

Discover the essential traits of reaction vessels for PI-COF synthesis, from pressure resistance to chemical inertness for high-quality results.

What Are The Advantages Of A Rotary Kiln For Bio-Reductants? Achieve Industrial-Scale Uniformity And Scalability

Discover why industrial rotary drum kilns outperform lab furnaces for bio-reductant production through superior mixing and uniform heat distribution.

Why Must Raw Kaolin Undergo Heat Treatment For Dlp 3D Printing? Control Viscosity For Precision Printing

Learn why heat treating raw kaolin at 450°C-550°C is essential to reduce viscosity and remove hydroxyl groups for successful DLP 3D printing.

What Are The Advantages Of Ascorbic Acid Over Glucose In Lfp Synthesis? Achieve Superior Purity And Crystallinity

Learn why ascorbic acid outperforms glucose in LiFePO4 synthesis, offering superior crystallinity, fewer impurities, and better reaction kinetics.

What Role Do Niobium Ampoules Play In Synthesis? Secure High-Temp Protection For Sensitive Germanium Compounds

Learn how Niobium ampoules provide hermetic isolation and chemical inertness for synthesizing strontium germanium nitride oxides up to 720 °C.

Why Is A Vacuum Pump Required For Cvd Graphene Growth? Ensure High-Purity Material Synthesis

Learn why pre-evacuation is vital in CVD to prevent copper oxidation, remove impurities, and ensure high-quality graphene lattice formation.

What Is The Technical Necessity Of Sealing Quartz Ampoules At 10^-5 Mbar For Cvt? Ensure Crystal Purity

Learn why a 10^-5 mbar vacuum is critical for Chemical Vapor Transport (CVT) to prevent oxidation and ensure precise crystal stoichiometry.

Why Is A Sealed Vacuum Quartz Tube Required For Synthesis Of 1T-Sns2 Via Cvt? Ensure Pure Crystal Growth

Learn why sealed vacuum quartz tubes are essential for 1T-SnS2 CVT synthesis to prevent oxidation and control vapor pressure.

Why Is The Melt-Diffusion Technique Employed At 155 °C For Sulfur Cathode Composites? Master Precise Infiltration

Learn why 155 °C is the critical temperature for sulfur infiltration to minimize viscosity and maximize cathode performance.

Which Factors Influence The Radial Equivalent Thermal Conductivity Of Steel Coils? Key Impacts On Annealing Efficiency

Learn how winding tension, protective gases, and contact stress determine the radial thermal conductivity of steel coils during annealing.

How Is Mechanochemical Grinding Used In Lithium Battery Recovery? Unlock Efficient Solid-State Material Repair

Learn how high-energy ball mills drive solid-state reactions at room temperature to repair lithium battery cathode structures with less energy.

What Types Of Labs Benefit Most From Benchtop Industrial Ovens? Maximize Space And Efficiency In Your Lab

Discover how benchtop industrial ovens optimize space, energy, and workflow for R&D, QA/QC, and university labs with low-volume processing needs.

What Is The Function Of Condensers And Cold Traps In Vea? Master Efficient Reagent Recovery And Closed-Loop Success

Learn how condensers and cold traps in VEA apparatus recover NH4X byproducts through precise temperature control and sustainable reagent recycling.

What Are The Advantages Of Using A Type B Thermocouple For 1600°C Slag Reduction? Precision In Ultra-High Heat

Discover why Type B thermocouples are the gold standard for 1600°C slag reduction, offering stability, accuracy, and thermal headroom up to 1800°C.

What Are The Advantages Of Using A Vacuum Drying Oven For Mnmgpo4@C3N4? Preserving Photocatalyst Integrity

Discover why vacuum drying is essential for MnMgPO4@C3N4 powders, offering low-temp evaporation, oxidation prevention, and reduced agglomeration.

Why Is The Enhancement Of Coke Strength Essential? Maximize Blast Furnace Efficiency & Stability

Learn how high-strength coke prevents pulverization, ensures gas permeability, and supports low-carbon blast furnace operations for cost efficiency.

Why Is A Vacuum Oven Used For Drying Ionogels? Preserve Structural Integrity For Precise Electron Microscopy

Learn why vacuum drying is essential for ionogel SEM preparation, preventing capillary collapse and ensuring accurate pore structure imaging.

What Vacuum Level Is Required For Alcrsiwn Coating Deposition? Achieving Peak Purity And Adhesion

Learn why a base vacuum below 3x10⁻³ Pa is essential for AlCrSiWN coatings to prevent contamination and ensure superior bonding strength.

What Is The Key Role Of A Graphite Crucible In The Vacuum Distillation Process For Magnesium Purification? Essential For High-Purity Results

Discover how a graphite crucible's chemical inertness and thermal stability enable contamination-free, high-purity magnesium purification in vacuum distillation.

How Does An In-Office Ceramic Oven Improve Efficiency In Dental Practices? Boost Chairside Control And Speed

Learn how in-office ceramic ovens streamline dental workflows, reduce lab delays, and enable single-visit restorations for enhanced efficiency and patient care.

What Are The Typical Applications For Drying Ovens? Essential Uses In Labs And Industry

Discover drying oven uses: moisture removal, curing, sterilization in pharma, electronics, food processing, and material science for precise thermal control.

What Is Mocvd Used For? Powering Leds, Lasers, And 5G With Atomic Precision

MOCVD is a critical process for growing high-performance semiconductor layers used in LEDs, lasers, 5G electronics, and advanced solar cells.

What Are The Advantages Of A Benchtop Industrial Oven In Terms Of Usability? Enhance Lab Efficiency With Compact Design

Discover how benchtop industrial ovens boost usability with simplified handling, space savings, and energy efficiency for small-batch labs.

How Does A Benchtop Industrial Oven Improve Efficiency? Boost Energy Savings And Space Use

Learn how benchtop industrial ovens enhance efficiency through energy savings, space conservation, and optimized workflows for small-scale tasks.

Why Is Keeping Maintenance Records Important For Mpcvd Equipment? Ensure Reliability And Quality In Crystal Growth

Learn how MPCVD maintenance records enhance equipment reliability, predict failures, and improve crystal quality for consistent lab results.

What Is The Role Of The Control Circuit In An Induction Heater? Unlock Precision And Efficiency In Your Heating Process

Learn how the control circuit in induction heaters regulates power, frequency, and temperature for precise, safe, and repeatable industrial applications.

What Is The Relationship Between Diamond Growth Rate And Quality In The Mpcvd Method? Balancing Speed And Purity For Your Application

Explore the inverse relationship between MPCVD diamond growth rate and quality. Learn how to balance process parameters for coatings, abrasives, electronics, or optics.

What Is The Role Of Inert Gas Doping In The Mpcvd Method? Accelerate Single-Crystal Diamond Growth

Learn how inert gas doping in MPCVD acts as a catalyst to boost diamond growth rates by altering surface chemistry, not just gas dissociation.

What Are The Two Main Types Of Mpcvd Based On Operating Conditions? Understanding Plasma Equilibrium For Superior Materials

Explore the differences between low-pressure and high-pressure MPCVD systems and how their plasma states (non-equilibrium vs. near-equilibrium) impact material synthesis.

What Are The Key Advantages Of Mpcvd In Diamond Synthesis? Achieve High-Purity, Scalable Diamond Production

Discover how MPCVD enables contamination-free, high-purity diamond synthesis with superior control and scalability for industrial applications.

What Are Cvd Materials? A Guide To High-Performance Thin Films And Coatings

Discover how Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) creates advanced materials like diamond films, nanotubes, and wear-resistant coatings for industrial and research applications.

What Are The Benefits Of Integrating Heating Elements And Thermocouple Systems? Enhance Precision For Ecap Processing

Discover how integrated heating and thermocouples improve ECAP die performance with precise temperature control and real-time monitoring.

What Are The Process Advantages Of Using A Vacuum Oven For Drying Adsorbent Precursors? Ensure Chemical Uniformity

Discover why vacuum drying is essential for adsorbent precursors, preventing chemical migration and oxidation while ensuring uniform pore structures.

What Is The Function Of A High Vacuum Pump In Cvd? Ensure High-Purity Ito Thin Film Growth

Learn how high vacuum systems (2x10^-2 Torr) prevent precursor oxidation and ensure chemical purity in CVD processes for ITO film deposition.

What Are The Advantages Of Using A Vacuum Drying Oven For T-Bto Nanoparticles? Preserve Critical Material Integrity

Learn why vacuum drying is superior for t-BTO nanoparticles: prevents phase transformation, avoids oxidation, and maintains particle morphology.

What Is The Importance Of Vacuum Degassing Equipment In Gel Foaming? Ensure Structural Integrity In Bioceramics

Learn why vacuum degassing is critical for biomimetic porous ceramics to prevent structural defects and maximize mechanical strength during sintering.

What Function Does A Tungsten Boat Serve As An Evaporation Source? Precise Ge Nanocrystal Integration Guide

Learn how tungsten boats enable high-purity thermal evaporation for 4nm germanium layers in thin-film structures with expert precision.

Why Is In-Situ Pecvd And Vacuum Evaporation Needed For Ge Ncs In A-Sic:h? Ensure Pristine Material Interfaces

Learn why integrating PECVD and vacuum evaporation in one chamber is vital to prevent oxidation and contamination in Ge NCs and a-SiC:H films.

How Do Vacuum-Based Systems Like Pld And Magnetron Sputtering Contribute To Superconducting Thin Films? Expert Guide

Learn how PLD and Magnetron Sputtering enable precise atomic-level engineering for high-performance superconducting films and industrial coatings.

Why Are Type K Thermocouples Preferred In Industrial Furnaces? Unlock Reliable Precision For High-Heat Control

Discover why Type K thermocouples are the industry standard for electric furnaces, offering wide ranges from -200°C up to 1,300°C.

What Is The Role Of A Laboratory Vacuum Drying Oven In Lnmo Electrode Slurry Preparation? Master Solvent Removal

Learn how vacuum drying ovens stabilize LNMO electrode slurries by removing NMP solvent, preventing defects and ensuring superior adhesion.

What Role Do Quartz Tubes And Vacuum Sealing Play In Synthesis? Master High-Reactivity Compounds Like U0.92Mn3Si2C

Learn how quartz tubes and vacuum sealing create oxygen-free zones to maintain stoichiometry and purity in high-reactivity chemical synthesis.

How Does Vim Compare To Dim For Ltes Composites? Unlock Superior Thermal Storage And Stability

Compare Vacuum Impregnation (VIM) vs. Direct Impregnation (DIM). Learn why VIM delivers higher energy density and better leakage prevention.

Why Is An Alumina Crucible Required For Bauxite Residue Thermal Analysis? Ensure Stability And Data Purity Up To 1400°C

Learn why alumina crucibles are essential for bauxite residue experiments due to their high-temperature stability and chemical resistance.

How Does A Rotary Evaporator Function In The Recovery Of Crude Cottonseed Lipids? Optimize Your Lipid Extraction

Learn how rotary evaporators use vacuum distillation to recover crude cottonseed lipids while preserving quality and recycling n-hexane solvent.

What Is The Function Of High-Alumina Ceramic Boats? Ensure Purity In I-Nc Catalyst Synthesis

Learn how high-alumina ceramic boats provide chemical inertness and thermal stability for I-NC catalyst synthesis up to 900°C.

How Does A Precision Carbon Dioxide Gas Flow Control System Influence The Precipitation Of High-Purity Lithium Carbonate?

Learn how precise CO2 flow control regulates pH and kinetics to produce battery-grade lithium carbonate with maximum purity and yield.

Why Is A Constant Temperature Water Bath Or Hot Plate Required For Mxene Post-Treatment? Master Precise Delamination

Learn why 70°C thermal control is essential for MXene purification, lithium ion diffusion, and achieving high-yield single-layer nanosheet stripping.

What Are The Technical Advantages Of Using An Entrained Flow Reactor (Efr)? Achieve Industrial Scale Char Simulation

Discover how Entrained Flow Reactors (EFR) use 10^5 °C/s heating rates to produce industrially representative char for precise reactivity analysis.

What Are The Core Functions Of High-Purity Graphite Molds And Graphite Paper In Sps? Optimize Sintering Quality

Learn how graphite molds and paper drive Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) through Joule heating, pressure transmission, and chemical isolation.

How Do A Three-Stub Tuner And A Sliding Short Contribute To Microwave Carbothermic Reduction? Maximize Energy Efficiency

Learn how three-stub tuners and sliding shorts optimize impedance matching to reduce reflected power in microwave carbothermic reduction.

Why Is It Necessary To Use A Mechanical Vacuum Pump For Snse Growth? Ensure High-Purity Material Synthesis

Learn why 10 mTorr pressure is critical for Tin Selenide (SnSe) PVD growth to eliminate oxygen, moisture, and crystal defects.

Why Is A Laboratory-Grade High-Pressure Reactor Essential For Tio2 Nanoparticles? Optimize Purity And Efficiency

Learn how high-pressure reactors enable low-temperature crystallization of TiO2, ensuring superior phase purity and energy efficiency in synthesis.

Why Must A High-Purity Quartz Boat Be Used For Co-Fe-Nc Catalyst Pyrolysis? Ensure Peak Catalyst Purity

Discover why high-purity quartz boats are essential for Co-Fe-NC synthesis to prevent contamination and withstand 700°C pyrolysis.

How Does Graphene Skin Via Fb-Cvd Improve Thermal Conductivity? Unlock Advanced Heat Transfer In Composites

Discover how FB-CVD graphene skins create high-velocity thermal pathways, outperforming traditional fillers through superior phonon coupling.

Why Is Hydrothermal Synthesis Utilized For The Production Of Zif-8? Control Nanocrystal Purity And Uniformity

Learn why hydrothermal synthesis is the preferred method for high-quality ZIF-8 production through precise temperature and pressure control.

Why Must Naf And Kf Raw Materials Be Processed In A Vacuum Oven For Funak Synthesis? Ensure Purity And Safety

Learn why NaF and KF require 300°C vacuum processing to eliminate moisture, prevent corrosion, and ensure pure FUNaK synthesis.

Why Are High-Precision Mass Flow Controllers Necessary For H-Bn Cvd Growth? Ensure Superior Film Stoichiometry

Learn how high-precision mass flow controllers prevent defects and optimize electrical performance in h-BN film growth via CVD processes.

How Does A Sealed Ceramic Boat Impact Span Sulfur Content? Unlock 53.62% Retention For High-Energy Cathodes

Learn how a sealed ceramic boat configuration minimizes sulfur loss during carbonization, boosting SPAN cathode sulfur content to 53.62%.

What Is The Function Of High-Purity Refractory Dies In Slip-Casting? Key Benefits For Precision Ceramic Molding

Learn how high-purity refractory dies use capillary action and thermal expansion to form solid green bodies and ensure clean separation in ceramics.

What Is The Primary Function Of A Constant Temperature Drying Oven? Master S53P4 Bioactive Glass Gel Integrity

Learn how constant temperature drying ovens preserve S53P4 bioactive glass gel structure by mitigating capillary stress and preventing cracks.

How Does Diamond Burnishing (Db) And Low-Temperature Gaseous Nitriding (Ltgn) Improve Material Output?

Discover how the sequential combination of DB and LTGN boosts fatigue limits by 36.4% through nitrogen-stabilized martensite formation.

What Is The Specific Role Of A Dual-Thermocouple Configuration? Precision In Molten Salt Experiments

Learn how dual-thermocouple configurations ensure ±5 K thermal stability and data integrity in high-precision molten salt density measurement.

Why Are A Blast Drying Oven And A Freeze Dryer Both Necessary For Go Nanofibers? Essential Drying Synergy

Learn why graphene oxide nanofibers require both oven and freeze drying to prevent structural collapse and ensure high-performance wave absorption.

Why Is The Ball Milling Step Essential For Nn-10St Ceramic Synthesis? Unlock High-Purity Phase Formation

Learn how ball milling enables atomic-scale distribution and drives reaction kinetics for high-purity NN-10ST perovskite ceramic synthesis.

Why Is The Distance Between Source And Substrate Fixed In Zto Thin Film Deposition? Unlock Precision And Uniformity

Learn why a fixed source-to-substrate distance is critical for ZTO thin film uniformity, density, and thickness control in vacuum deposition.

What Are The Structural Functions Of The Dual-Chamber Quartz Glass Container? Optimize Magnesium Alloy Vapor Analysis

Learn how dual-chamber quartz containers stabilize metal vapors and enable precise chemical equilibrium for magnesium alloy vapor determination.

What Is The Significance Of A Flow Control System For Safety During The In-Situ Passivation Of U-6Nb Powders?

Learn how precise flow control systems prevent spontaneous combustion in Uranium-Niobium alloy powders through in-situ passivation and gas regulation.

What Is The Primary Function Of A Mechanical Stirrer In Stir Casting? Master Al2214 Hybrid Composite Uniformity

Learn how mechanical stirrers use shear force and convection to eliminate particle clustering and ensure homogeneity in Al2214 hybrid composites.

What Is The Function Of Titanium Scraps In Vacuum Systems For Htgn? Boost Nitriding Depth With Oxygen Getters

Learn how titanium scraps act as getters to eliminate residual oxygen in vacuum systems, ensuring deep nitrogen diffusion during HTGN processes.

What Role Does A Rotary Evaporator Play In Microalgae-Based Nanomaterials? Protect Bio-Reductive Activity For Synthesis

Learn how rotary evaporators preserve delicate microalgae metabolites via low-temperature vacuum concentration for cobalt oxide nanomaterial synthesis.

Why Is High-Purity Graphite Paper Typically Lined On The Inner Walls Of The Mold Before Loading Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Powder?

Learn how high-purity graphite paper prevents diffusion bonding, protects molds, and ensures uniform heating when sintering Ti-6Al-4V alloy powder.

Why Must A Rotary Vane Vacuum Pump Be Integrated Into The Curing Platform For Phenolic Laminates? Key To Void-Free Parts

Learn why rotary vane vacuum pumps are critical for phenolic laminate curing to eliminate air pockets and chemical byproducts before resin gelation.

Why Is A High-Pressure Digestion Tank Essential For Zno/Rgo Hydrothermal Synthesis? Achieve Superior Interfacial Coupling

Learn how stainless steel autoclaves create autogenous pressure to anchor ZnO to rGO for high-performance composite material synthesis.

What Technical Considerations Apply To Using A Precision Laboratory Hot Plate? Master K2Ca3(Reo4)8·4H2O Synthesis

Learn why thermal uniformity and 20% volume control are critical for K2Ca3(ReO4)8·4H2O synthesis to prevent decomposition and ensure crystal quality.

What Are The Functions Of High-Purity, High-Strength Graphite Molds In Sps? Optimize Al2O3-Tic Ceramic Sintering

Learn how graphite molds act as heating elements, pressure vessels, and shaping containers during Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) of Al2O3-TiC.

Why Is A High-Precision Pecvd System Required In Acsm? Enable Low-Temperature Atomic-Scale Manufacturing

Learn how high-precision PECVD enables atomic-scale additive manufacturing by protecting sensitive substrates and ensuring film uniformity.

How Does The Ald Process Ensure Effective Passivation On Ws2 Surfaces? Achieve Superior Dielectric Integrity

Learn how ALD's self-limiting reactions create dense HfO2 layers on WS2, preserving the Van der Waals interface for high-performance electronics.

Why Is A Constant Temperature Incubator Required For 10-Week Fungal Testing Of Moso Bamboo? Ensure Testing Accuracy

Learn why constant 26±2°C incubation for 10 weeks is critical for measuring mass loss and validating fungal resistance in Moso Bamboo materials.

What Is The Purpose Of K-Type Thermocouples And Multi-Channel Loggers? Validating Thermal Insulation Performance

Learn how K-type thermocouples and multi-channel loggers provide real-time data to validate material insulation and heat suppression efficiency.

Why Use High-Purity Cr, Si, And Y Targets For Crsin-Y Coatings? Achieving Superior Thermal Stability & Hardness

Learn why high-purity targets are critical for CrSiN-Y coatings to prevent defects, inhibit grain growth, and ensure extreme thermal stability.

How Does A Laboratory Drying Oven Ensure The Structural Stability Of Microcapsule Granules? Expert Drying Guide

Learn how precise thermal regulation and controlled moisture removal prevent stress cracking in microcapsules for superior structural stability.

Why Is The Extrusion Temperature For Pvc Biocomposites Typically Set At 130°C? Achieve Perfect Thermal Balance

Learn why 130°C is the critical temperature for PVC biocomposites to ensure polymer flow while preventing biological filler degradation.

Why Is A Vacuum Environment Necessary For Pbf-Eb? Ensure Beam Precision & Material Purity

Learn why vacuum is essential for PBF-EB to prevent electron scattering, maintain energy density, and protect reactive metals from contamination.

How Do High-Precision Thermocouples And Closed-Loop Control Systems Influence Nickel Silicide Film Uniformity?

Learn how ±0.5 °C temperature accuracy and closed-loop control synchronize phase transitions to ensure uniform nickel silicide thin film formation.

How Does The Temperature Of The Annealing Process Specifically Influence The Luminescence Properties Of Znse? Guide

Learn how annealing temperatures between 800°C-1000°C manipulate photoluminescence intensity, spectral width, and defects in ZnSe nanocrystals.

Why Are Cu2O And Ga2O3 Targets Preferred For Cugao2 Films? Achieving Precision In Delafossite Sputtering

Learn why high-purity oxide targets outperform metal targets in RF magnetron sputtering for superior stoichiometry and phase purity in CuGaO2 films.