What Is The Significance Of Using A Laboratory High-Temperature Muffle Furnace For Metal Phosphate Catalysts?

Unlock the full potential of metal phosphate catalysts through precise muffle furnace calcination, template removal, and structural activation.

What Key Functions Does A Muffle Furnace Perform During The Industrial Analysis Of Coal Samples? Optimize Proximate Analysis

Learn how muffle furnaces analyze coal's volatile matter, ash content, and fixed carbon through precise temperature and atmosphere control.

What Role Does A High-Temperature Laboratory Oven Play In Catalyst Activation? Boost Surface Area And Performance

Learn how high-temperature ovens activate catalysts like dolomite and zeolite by removing moisture and clearing pores to maximize surface area.

Why Is Precise Heating Rate Control Necessary During The Pyrolysis Of Bamboo? Optimize Au-Nps/Bc Nanocomposite Quality

Learn why a slow heating rate (2°C/min) is critical for preserving bamboo's microstructure and ensuring uniform gold nanoparticle distribution.

What Is The Function Of A Muffle Furnace In The Lss Process For Mxene Synthesis? Achieve Low-Temp Precision

Learn how muffle furnaces enable efficient, air-ambient MXene synthesis via the LSS process through precise 150°C thermal stability.

How Does A Box Muffle Furnace Determine The Final Phase And Activity Of Bismuth Molybdate? Optimize Your Material Synthesis

Learn how box muffle furnaces control oxidative decomposition and crystallization to define the phase and catalytic activity of bismuth molybdate.

What Is The Specific Function Of A Muffle Furnace In Rice Straw Biochar Production? Key Pyrolysis Roles Explained

Learn how muffle furnaces enable pyrolysis by creating an oxygen-limited environment to transform rice straw into high-quality biochar at 600°C.

What Role Does A Muffle Furnace Play In The Carbonization Synthesis Of Orange Peel Biochar? Precision Thermal Pyrolysis

Learn how muffle furnaces control pyrolysis, surface area expansion, and aromatic structure formation during orange peel biochar synthesis.

What Is The Role Of A Muffle Furnace In The Preparation Of Biochar From Miscanthus Sinensis? Master Pyrolysis Control

Learn how muffle furnaces use 700°C heat and nitrogen atmospheres to transform Miscanthus sinensis into high-quality biochar via controlled pyrolysis.

What Is The Primary Purpose Of Using A Muffle Furnace For Bi5O7No3 Synthesis? Master Phase & Thermal Transformation

Learn how muffle furnaces drive thermal decomposition and phase transformation to create pure-phase Bi5O7NO3 precursors.

How Is A Muffle Furnace Utilized In The Two-Stage Calcination For C3N4 Nanosheets? Precision Thermal Synthesis Guide

Learn how muffle furnaces enable two-stage calcination of melamine into C3N4 nanosheets through controlled polymerization and thermal exfoliation.

What Is A Key Feature Of Box Furnaces Regarding Temperature Control? Achieve Precise And Uniform Heating For Your Lab

Discover how box furnaces ensure high precision (±1°C) and spatial uniformity in temperature control for reliable heat treatment and material testing.

What Role Does A High-Temperature Tube Furnace Play In Flash Annealing Mg/Siox? Precision For Advanced Anode Synthesis

Learn how high-temperature tube furnaces enable flash annealing at 1100°C to create silicate buffer matrices for high-performance Mg/SiOx anodes.

What Is The Purpose Of Ashing Furnaces? Achieve Precise Ash Analysis For Material Quality

Learn how ashing furnaces isolate inorganic residue for accurate ash content measurement in fuels, lubricants, and materials to ensure quality control.

What Processes Can Be Performed Using Box Furnaces? Unlock Versatile Thermal Solutions For Your Lab

Explore box furnace applications like annealing, sintering, and brazing for metals, ceramics, and more in labs and industry.

What Role Does A Muffle Furnace Play In Al2O3/Ptfe Composites? Optimize Sintering For Superior Performance

Learn how high-temperature box furnaces enable sintering, molecular rearrangement, and alumina locking in Al2O3/PTFE composite fabrication.

What Is The Temperature Range Of Mosi2 Heating Elements? Achieve Reliable High-Temp Performance

MoSi2 heating elements operate up to 1800°C in air. Learn the optimal working range (1600°C-1700°C) and key operating principles for longevity.

How Do Heating Devices And Alkaline Impregnation Tanks Coordinate In Biochar Activation For Maximum Adsorption?

Learn how heating devices and impregnation tanks coordinate to drive chemical corrosion, exfoliation, and pore expansion in biochar activation.

What Is The Specific Role Of A Muffle Furnace In The Preparation Of Corn Straw Biochar? Optimize Pyrolysis Success

Learn how muffle furnaces enable precise, oxygen-limited pyrolysis to transform corn straw into stable, porous biochar at 350°C.

What Is The Application Of A Muffle Furnace In Biochar Characterization? Master Ash Analysis & Pyrolysis Control

Learn how muffle furnaces are used for ash content determination, controlled pyrolysis, and chemical activation in biochar research and production.

What Is The Primary Role Of An Industrial-Grade Oven In The Preparation Of Chitosan-Modified Soil Samples?

Learn why 105°C dehydration for 24 hours is critical for chitosan-modified soil preparation to ensure precise biopolymer concentration and control.

What Function Does A High-Temperature Muffle Furnace Serve In Ceramic Membrane Substrate Preparation?

Discover how high-temperature muffle furnaces facilitate critical sintering, crystal transformation, and densification for ceramic substrates.

What Core Roles Does A Muffle Furnace Play In The Crystal Growth Of Nanbo3:Pr3+? Enhance Your Material Synthesis

Discover how muffle furnaces enable NaNbO3:Pr3+ synthesis through 1075 °C thermal regulation, phase transformation, and ionic doping optimization.

What Roles Do The Electric Muffle Furnace And Gas-Tight Retort Play In Biochar Production? Master Controlled Pyrolysis

Learn how muffle furnaces and gas-tight retorts work together to provide precise heat and oxygen-free environments for high-quality biochar.

What Is The Primary Purpose Of Preheating Charge Materials For C95800 Aluminum Bronze? Eliminate Porosity Defects

Learn why preheating C95800 charge materials to 600-700°C is essential for moisture removal, hydrogen control, and defect-free bronze casting.

What Are The Advantages Of Directly Adding Heat Carriers To Oil Sludge? Boost Efficiency & Preserve Resource Value

Learn how direct mixing of heat carriers with high-moisture sludge streamlines pyrolysis, prevents oil loss, and simplifies system design.

How Is A Muffle Furnace Utilized During The Secondary Thermal Decomposition Of Zncl2-Impregnated Biochar?

Learn how muffle furnaces at 600°C drive catalytic etching and ZnO nanoparticle synthesis to enhance biochar adsorption performance.

Why Is A Two-Step Process Used For Waste Bone-Derived Carbon? Unlock Ultra-High Surface Area & Stability

Learn why pre-carbonization and chemical activation are essential for transforming waste bone into high-performance activated carbon.

How Do High-Temp Furnace Processes Affect Carbon Nanofiber Micro-Morphology? Master Precise Structural Control

Discover how high-temperature furnace processes refine carbon nanofiber architecture, ensuring dispersion, conductivity, and structural stability.

What Is The Primary Technical Function Of A Muffle Furnace In Comn2O4 Synthesis? Achieve Precise Nano-Spinel Calcination

Learn how muffle furnaces enable CoMn2O4 synthesis via calcination, ensuring high crystallinity and optimal catalytic microstructure at 600 °C.

What Is The Purpose Of Using A Preheated Stainless Steel Plate When Processing Molten Glass? Avoid Thermal Stress.

Learn why preheating stainless steel plates to 480°C is essential for molten glass processing to prevent thermal shock and structural failure.

What Function Does A Muffle Furnace Serve In The Synthesis Of Glass Derived From Rice Husk Ash? High-Temp Precision

Learn how muffle furnaces enable vitrification, degassing, and contamination-free melting in the synthesis of high-purity glass from rice husk ash.

What Is The Role Of A Muffle Furnace In The Final Formation Of A Composite Photoanode? Master Heterojunction Synthesis

Learn how muffle furnaces enable precise calcination and interfacial engineering to create high-efficiency TiO2/g-C3N4 composite photoanodes.

What Role Does A High-Temperature Box Resistance Furnace Play In Sintering? Mastering Electrolyte Tube Densification

Learn how high-temperature box resistance furnaces enable atomic diffusion and pore elimination to create dense 8YSZ electrolyte support tubes.

What Is The Function Of A High-Precision Muffle Furnace In Plant Sample Analysis? Achieve Pure Ash For Precise Data

Learn how high-precision muffle furnaces use dry ashing to isolate inorganic minerals from plant samples for accurate chemical quantification.

How Does A High-Temperature Muffle Furnace Ensure Precision During Phase Transformation Research Of Manganese Ore?

Learn how precise heating rates and thermal dwell in muffle furnaces drive successful manganese ore phase transformations and structural stability.

Why Is Controlled Heat Treatment In A Muffle Furnace Necessary For Calcined Clay? Achieve Optimal Pozzolanic Activity

Learn how precise heat treatment in a muffle furnace transforms raw clay into reactive metakaolin for high-performance cement replacement.

Why Is Thermal Treatment Of Mn1/Ceo2 Catalysts Necessary? Unlock Peak Activation And Purity

Learn why 300°C–600°C thermal treatment in a box furnace is vital for Mn1/CeO2 catalyst purity, manganese stabilization, and NH3-SCR activity.

How Does A High-Temperature Muffle Furnace Convert Shell Powder To Cao? Achieve High-Purity Calcium Oxide Via Calcination

Learn how 1000°C thermal decomposition in a muffle furnace transforms shell waste into high-purity, active calcium oxide (CaO) for synthesis.

What Role Does A Muffle Furnace Play In The Thermochemical Conversion Research Of Animal-Derived Waste? Optimize Pyrolysis

Learn how muffle furnaces drive pyrolysis in animal waste research, enabling precise temperature control (300-1000°C) and high-quality biochar yield.

What Role Does A High-Precision High-Temperature Box Furnace Play In The Controlled Foaming Of Aluminum? Key Insights

Learn how high-precision box furnaces control TiH2 decomposition and thermal uniformity to create high-quality, porous aluminum foam structures.

How Does Furnace Calcination Influence The Microscopic Morphology Of Kaolin Catalysts? Enhance Surface Area And Porosity

Learn how furnace calcination transforms kaolin morphology, increasing surface area from 5.514 to 26.567 m²/g for superior catalyst performance.

Why Use A Resistance Heating Furnace For Hf Chlorination? Ensure Stable Hfo2 Coating Growth & Precursor Flow

Learn why resistance heating furnaces are essential for Hafnium chlorination, providing the thermal stability needed for consistent HfCl4 generation.

What Is The Role Of A High-Temperature Muffle Furnace In Treating Mn3O4 Nanowires? Optimize Phase Stability

Learn how high-temperature muffle furnaces refine Mn3O4 nanowires through defect elimination and tetragonal phase stabilization at 600 °C.

What Role Does A Laboratory High-Temperature Muffle Furnace Play In The Treatment Of Highly Contaminated Waste Glass?

Discover how high-temperature muffle furnaces purify contaminated waste glass by incinerating organic impurities to restore material reactivity.

Why Is A Precision Furnace Required After Tio2-Alpha-Ga2O3 Synthesis? Master Phase Transformation & Interface Bonding

Learn why 400°C air annealing is critical for converting GaOOH to crystalline alpha-Ga2O3 and strengthening heterojunction interfaces.

What Is The Function Of A Muffle Furnace In Nife2O4/Biochar Prep? Optimize Your Composite Synthesis

Learn how high-temperature muffle furnaces drive controlled pyrolysis at 700°C to create high-surface-area biochar for NiFe2O4 composites.

What Is The Function Of A Laboratory Box Resistance Furnace At 150°C? Mastering Self-Combustion Synthesis

Learn how a muffle furnace acts as a thermal trigger at 150°C to initiate redox reactions for nanometer-scale particle synthesis.

What Are The Primary Applications Of A High-Temperature Muffle Furnace In Biomass Fuel Evaluation? Optimize Energy Data

Learn how high-temperature muffle furnaces isolate volatiles at 920°C and ash at 700°C to predict biomass briquette combustion and efficiency.

What Is The Purpose Of Surrounding Resistance Elements And Crucibles With High-Purity Insulating Materials?

Learn how high-purity insulation maximizes thermal efficiency and protects furnace structures in high-temperature resistance furnaces.

How Is A High-Temperature Box Resistance Furnace Utilized For Zk51A T1 Heat Treatment? Optimize Mg Alloy Hardening

Learn how muffle furnaces provide the 170°C precision environment needed for precipitation hardening and microstructural evolution of ZK51A alloys.

What Role Does A Muffle Furnace Play In Simulating Cement Clinker? Achieve High-Precision Lab Sintering Today

Learn how high-temp muffle furnaces simulate industrial cement kilns to produce quality C3S and C2S minerals through precise thermal control.

Why Use A High-Temp Lab Furnace For Nanoparticle Pre-Treatment? Ensure Flaw-Free Composite Fabrication Today.

Learn why thermal pre-treatment of nanoparticles is vital for removing moisture, preventing voids, and optimizing bonding in composite materials.

How Does A High-Precision Programmable Muffle Furnace Improve Creep Testing? Ensure Accuracy In Titanium Alloys

Learn how high-precision muffle furnaces eliminate temperature drift and thermal noise to ensure accurate creep testing for titanium alloys.

What Role Does A Muffle Furnace Play In Rh-Snp Preparation? Master The Dual-Stage Thermal Synthesis

Learn how muffle furnaces enable dual-stage thermal treatment to convert rice husks into high-purity silica nanoparticles (RH-SNP) via calcination.

How Does A High-Temperature Muffle Furnace Influence Bczt Ceramics? Optimize Sintering For Peak Performance

Learn how high-temp muffle furnaces drive microstructure formation in BCZT ceramics between 1300-1500°C to enhance piezoelectric properties.

What Is The Function Of A High-Temperature Muffle Furnace In The Columbite Precursor Method? Pure Perovskite Synthesis

Learn how high-temperature muffle furnaces at 1100°C enable solid-state reactions to synthesize precursors and ensure pure perovskite phase purity.

What Role Does A Muffle Furnace Play In Tio2 Sol-Gel Transformation? Achieve High-Performance Photocatalytic Coatings

Learn how high-temp muffle furnaces drive TiO2 phase transformation, eliminate organic impurities, and enhance coating durability at 550°C.

What Role Does A High-Temperature Box Furnace Play In The Secondary Sintering And Structural Repair Of Recycled Ncm?

Learn how high-temperature box furnaces enable lithium infiltration and structural repair of NCM materials at 600°C for battery recycling.

What Causes Large-Scale Mgo·al2O3 Inclusions In Superalloys? Expert Guide To Formation & Prevention

Understand how surface Al2O3 films and MgO crucibles react during VIM melting to form large-scale inclusions in nickel-base superalloys.

What Experimental Conditions Does A Muffle Furnace Provide For Oxidation Resistance Testing Of Ti/Al2O3 Composites?

Learn how muffle furnaces provide controlled high temperatures and static air for precise Ti/Al2O3 composite oxidation testing.

Why Is A High-Temperature Muffle Furnace Required For The Incineration Treatment Of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles?

Learn why muffle furnaces are essential for TiO2 nanoparticle synthesis, from organic impurity removal to phase transformation at 400°C.

What Type Of Processing Environment Do High-Temperature Tube And Muffle Furnaces Provide? Master Thermal Precision

Explore how high-temperature tube and muffle furnaces provide controlled atmospheres and precise thermal landscapes for advanced chemical research.

Why Is High-Temperature Calcination Necessary For The Modification Of Boron-Doped Porous Carbon? Expert Insights

Learn why 900°C calcination is critical for boron-doped porous carbon, from precursor decomposition to lattice reorganization for catalyst support.

What Is The Role Of A High-Temperature Muffle Furnace In Solid-State Synthesis? Master Camno3 Perovskite Production

Learn how high-temperature muffle furnaces drive solid-state synthesis of CaMnO3 by providing the activation energy for solid-phase diffusion.

Why Is A Box Muffle Furnace Utilized For Lmcs? Enhance Interface Bonding And Atomic Diffusion

Learn how box muffle furnaces optimize Layered Metal Composites (LMCs) through precise temperature control and intermetallic layer formation.

How Are High-Temperature Furnaces And Precision Balances Used For Alloy Oxidation Kinetics? Expert Analysis

Learn how high-temperature furnaces and precision balances combine to measure mass gain and calculate oxidation rate constants (Kp/Kc).

What Is The Primary Function Of A High-Temperature Box Resistance Furnace For Γ-Y1.5Yb0.5Si2O7 Ceramics? Optimal Sintering & Densification

Discover how high-temperature box resistance furnaces enable optimal sintering and densification of γ-Y1.5Yb0.5Si2O7 ceramics with precise 1450 °C control.

What Is The Technical Objective Of Preheating The Extrusion Cylinder And Molds To 460 ℃? Optimize Quality & Flow

Learn why preheating to 460 ℃ is critical for aluminum extrusion to maintain plasticity, reduce resistance, and prevent surface defects.

How Does A High-Temperature Muffle Furnace Facilitate The Formation Of Mixed-Phase Tio2 Nanofillers? Phase Control Guide

Learn how high-temperature muffle furnaces drive phase transformation and purification to create high-performance Anatase-Brookite TiO2 nanofillers.

Why Must High-Temp Furnaces Have Lifting Devices For Rmi Of Uhtcmcs? Control Reaction Timing And Fiber Integrity

Learn how adjustable lifting devices in high-temp furnaces enable precise reaction timing and prevent fiber degradation during RMI processes.

What Is The Role Of High-Temperature Calcination In A Muffle Furnace? Create Precision Bioactive Glass

Learn how high-temperature calcination in a muffle furnace removes templates and stabilizes the silicate network for bioactive glass production.

How Is A Muffle Furnace Utilized In The Structural Characterization Of 5At And Naio4? Precision Thermal Conditioning

Learn how muffle furnaces enable structural analysis of 5AT and NaIO4 decomposition through precise 200°C isothermal treatment for XRD and FTIR.

Why Is A Muffle Furnace Required For Alpha-Fe2O3? Unlock Precise Phase Transformation & High Crystallinity

Learn why muffle furnaces are essential for alpha-Fe2O3 calcination, ensuring precise thermal control, dehydration, and high semiconductor purity.

What Is The Function Of A Muffle Furnace In Li2Mg3Ti(1-X)Zrxo6 Calcination? Optimize Ceramic Phase Purity

Learn how high-temperature muffle furnaces drive solid-state reactions and ensure phase purity in Li2Mg3Ti(1-x)ZrxO6 ceramic powder synthesis.

What Conditions Does A Muffle Furnace Provide For Ceramic Bricks? Precision Heat For Hedenbergite Synthesis

Learn how high-temperature muffle furnaces provide the critical 1190°C environment needed for hedenbergite and diopside ceramic synthesis.

What Role Does The High-Temperature Boiling Step Play In Rice Husk Silica Conversion? Boost Your Extraction Yields

Learn how high-temperature boiling and sodium hydroxide catalyze the extraction of silica from rice husks to produce industrial sodium silicate.

What Is The Primary Function Of A High-Temperature Electric Furnace During Solution Treatment? Achieve Alloy Homogeneity

Learn how high-temperature furnaces facilitate atomic diffusion and eliminate segregation to optimize medium-entropy alloy performance.

How Do Laboratory High-Temperature Furnaces Assist In Determining The Annealing Temperatures? Replicate Ancient Metalwork

Discover how lab furnaces simulate Bronze Age annealing processes (600–800°C) to reverse-engineer ancient copper production through microanalysis.

Why Is A Muffle Furnace Essential For The Combustion Step In The Preparation Of Perovskite Catalysts?

Learn how muffle furnaces trigger the redox reactions and gas release necessary for high-porosity, high-performance perovskite catalyst synthesis.

What Is An Atmosphere Protection Muffle Furnace? Unlock Precise Heat Treatment In Controlled Environments

Learn how atmosphere protection muffle furnaces prevent oxidation and enable advanced material processing with inert, reducing, or reactive gases.

How Are Muffle Furnaces Used In Jewelry Making? Achieve Precision In Metal Clay And Annealing

Learn how muffle furnaces enable precise annealing and metal clay firing for jewelry, offering temperature control and uniform heat for professional results.

What Are The Ideal Applications For Mosi2 Heating Elements? Achieve Reliable High-Temp Performance

Discover MoSi2 heating elements for high-temperature applications up to 1900°C, ideal for glass, ceramics, and metallurgy with superior oxidation resistance.

What Is The Function Of A Muffle Furnace In The Production Of Cristobalite Alpha Silica Nanoparticles? Precision 900°C Annealing

Learn how muffle furnaces drive 900°C phase transformation to synthesize high-purity cristobalite alpha silica nanoparticles with structural integrity.

Why Is A Laboratory Box Resistance Furnace Or Muffle Furnace Necessary For The Synthesis Of The Mgco2O4 Spinel Structure?

Discover why muffle furnaces are essential for MgCo2O4 synthesis, ensuring precise gradient calcination and stable spinel lattice formation.

Why Is A High-Temperature Tube Furnace Required For Annealing Repair After Dry Etching? Restoring Crystal Lattice

Learn how atmospheric compensation in a high-temperature tube furnace repairs cation vacancies and restores electrical performance after dry etching.

How Does A Laboratory Muffle Furnace Facilitate The Pyrolysis Of Plum Stone Biochar? Optimize Your Carbon Production

Learn how muffle furnaces enable plum stone pyrolysis through precise thermal regulation and anaerobic control for high-quality biochar production.

What Is The Role Of A Muffle Furnace In The Synthesis Of Pti/Licl? Achieve High-Crystallinity Poly(Triazine Imide)

Learn how a muffle furnace enables molten salt synthesis of PTI/LiCl through precise 470°C temperature control and programmed cooling rates.

What Is The Core Role Of A Muffle Furnace In Fe3O4/C Synthesis? Optimize Your Magnetization Roasting Process

Learn how muffle furnaces drive phase reconstruction and carbon reduction at 800°C to transform red mud into magnetic Fe3O4/C composites.

What Role Does A Box Resistance Furnace Play In Bamboo Carbonization? Master Precision Pyrolysis For Smart Composites

Learn how box resistance furnaces enable bamboo carbonization at 800 °C under nitrogen to create conductive, porous composite precursors.

What Experimental Conditions Does A Small High-Temperature Electric Heating Furnace Provide For Graphite Bearings?

Learn how high-temp furnaces simulate aviation conditions to test graphite bearing friction, water desorption, and polymer melting up to 500°C.

What Role Do High-Temperature Furnaces Play In Ti-15Mo Heat Treatment? Unlock Advanced Alloy Performance

Learn how Muffle and Tube furnaces enable beta-phase homogenization and the TWIP effect in Ti-15Mo alloys through precise thermal control.

How Does The Programmed Temperature Control Of A Muffle Furnace Influence The Formation Of G-C3N4 Semiconductors?

Learn how precise 550°C thermal regulation in muffle furnaces ensures the purity, crystallinity, and photocatalytic performance of g-C3N4 synthesis.

What Technical Conditions Does A Laboratory Tube Furnace Provide For Mxene/Mwcnts@C–Co? Master Thermal Synthesis

Discover how precise temperature and inert atmosphere control in tube furnaces facilitate the synthesis of MXene/MWCNTs@C–Co composite materials.

What Is The Significance Of The Heating And Holding Curves In A Muffle Furnace? Sinter High-Quality Ptfe Composites

Learn how precise heating and holding curves in muffle furnaces prevent cracks and ensure dense, high-strength PTFE composites during sintering.

What Are The Primary Functions Of Industrial High-Temperature Muffle Or Tube Furnaces In The Sintering Of Pcec?

Learn how muffle and tube furnaces enable material densification, porosity elimination, and proton conductivity in PCEC sintering processes.

How Does A Lab Box Furnace With Pid Control Aid Aluminum-Doped Graphitic Carbon Synthesis? Precision Thermal Stability

Learn how PID-controlled box furnaces ensure precise heating rates and isothermal holds for uniform aluminum doping and graphitic carbon synthesis.

What Role Does A Muffle Furnace Play During The Calcination Of Ni/Al2O3 Catalysts? Optimize Your Catalyst Stability

Learn how muffle furnaces drive precursor decomposition and spinel structure formation to enhance Ni/Al2O3 catalyst stability and performance.

How Does A Microwave Heating System Compare To Traditional Muffle Furnaces? Fast & Safe Solid Electrolyte Regeneration

Compare microwave vs. traditional heating for solid electrolyte regeneration. Learn how selective heating improves efficiency and integrity.

What Role Does A High-Temperature Muffle Furnace Play In Fiber Volume Fraction Measurement? Precision Pyrolysis Guide

Learn how high-temperature muffle furnaces enable precise fiber volume fraction analysis through selective oxidative degradation at 800°C.